10 · Referencias y fuentes
Enlaces verificables citados en la investigación. Última verificación: mayo 2026.
Documentación oficial Gemma
| Recurso |
URL |
| Lista completa de releases Gemma |
https://ai.google.dev/gemma/docs/releases |
| Model card Gemma 4 |
https://ai.google.dev/gemma/docs/core/model_card_4 |
| Blog de lanzamiento Gemma 4 |
https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-tools/gemma-4/ |
| Cookbook oficial Gemma |
https://github.com/google-gemma/cookbook |
| Hugging Face Gemma 4 collection |
https://huggingface.co/collections/google/gemma-4 |
| Hugging Face guide oficial |
https://huggingface.co/blog/gemma4 |
| Repositorio DeepMind |
https://github.com/google-deepmind/gemma |
| Gemma Terms of Use |
https://ai.google.dev/gemma/terms |
| Gemma Prohibited Use Policy |
https://ai.google.dev/gemma/prohibited_use_policy |
| HAI-DEF terms (MedGemma) |
https://developers.google.com/health-ai-developer-foundations |
Casos comerciales verificables
| Caso |
Fuente |
| Ministerio Economía Ucrania — ePermit (Gemma 3 27B) |
https://deepmind.google/models/gemma/gemmaverse/epermit/ |
| INSAIT / BgGPT (Bulgaria) |
INSAIT — Anton Alexandrov entrevistas y publicaciones |
| SK Telecom + Adaptive ML (Gemma 3 4B con PPO) |
Adaptive ML blog (mid-2025) |
| Nexa AI OmniAudio-2.6B (Gemma 2 2B + Whisper) |
Nexa AI documentation + Mac Mini M4 Pro benchmark |
| Yale + Google DeepMind C2S-Scale 27B (oncología) |
Google Research blog |
| DeepHealth (chest X-rays con MedSigLIP) |
Google Research |
| Tap Health (India, MedGemma para diabetes) |
Tracxn (₹1.71L revenue 31/3/2025), $71.9K seed |
| Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (MedGemma chino tradicional) |
Google Research |
| Project Navarasa (Telugu LLM Labs, 22 lenguas indias) |
Telugu LLM Labs publicaciones |
| MedGemma Impact Challenge winners (Kaggle 2025-26) |
Kaggle competition page |
Benchmarks y análisis técnicos
| Recurso |
URL / referencia |
| Anass Kartit M4 Pro benchmark (Ollama vs MLX) |
kartit.net (blog post mayo 2026) |
| Rif Kiamil M3 Ultra benchmarks (MLX advantage) |
Personal blog técnico |
| Apple Newsroom M4 Pro (273 GB/s bandwidth) |
https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2024/10/new-mac-mini-is-more-mighty-more-mini-and-built-for-apple-intelligence/ |
| VentureBeat "OpenAI or DIY? Self-hosting cost analysis" |
https://venturebeat.com/ |
| SitePoint TCO 2026 (GPT-4.1 vs self-host) |
https://www.sitepoint.com/ |
| Lushbinary.com — Gemma 4 vs DeepSeek V4 SWE-Bench |
(citado en research; verificar antes de re-citar) |
| BuildFastWithAI — DeepSeek V4-Pro 80.6% SWE-Bench |
https://buildfastwithai.com/ |
| Arena AI chat leaderboard |
https://arena.ai/ (consultar fecha actual) |
Market research Vertical SaaS
| Recurso |
Cifra citada |
| SaaStr 2025 — vertical creciendo 2-3× más rápido |
https://www.saastr.com/ |
| tech-insider.org — "Vertical SaaS Is Crushing Horizontal Players: 3x Higher Retention" |
Cifra 3× se refiere a retención, no crecimiento de ingresos |
| saasultra.com — 31% mediana vertical vs 28% horizontal |
https://saasultra.com/ |
| Technavio — CAGR vertical 18-22% vs horizontal 12-15% |
https://www.technavio.com/ |
| Tool |
URL |
| Ollama |
https://ollama.com |
| llama.cpp |
https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp |
| MLX-LM |
https://github.com/ml-explore/mlx-lm |
| mlx-vlm |
https://github.com/Blaizzy/mlx-vlm |
| mlx-tune |
https://github.com/ARahim3/mlx-tune |
| gemma-tuner-multimodal |
https://github.com/mattmireles/gemma-tuner-multimodal |
| Unsloth |
https://unsloth.ai |
| vLLM |
https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm |
| LiteLLM |
https://litellm.ai |
| Langfuse |
https://langfuse.com |
| Qdrant |
https://qdrant.tech |
| LanceDB |
https://lancedb.com |
| LiteRT-LM (edge) |
https://ai.google.dev/edge/litert |
Licencias de modelos competidores
| Modelo |
Licencia |
Texto |
| Llama 4 |
Meta Community License |
https://llama.com/llama4/license/ |
| Mistral (Apache variants) |
Apache 2.0 |
https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
| Mistral Large |
MRL custom |
https://mistral.ai/licenses/MRL-0.1.md |
| Qwen 3.5 |
Apache 2.0 (varía por modelo) |
HuggingFace model card |
| DeepSeek V4 |
MIT |
https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT |
| Phi-4 |
MIT |
HuggingFace model card |
Bugs conocidos / issues activos (mayo 2026)
| Issue |
URL / Referencia |
| ollama/ollama#15368 — Gemma 4 Apple Silicon bugs |
https://github.com/ollama/ollama/issues/15368 |
Compliance y legal
| Norma |
Referencia |
| EU AI Act (texto consolidado) |
https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/ |
| GDPR (texto oficial) |
https://gdpr-info.eu/ |
| HIPAA (US) |
https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/ |
| DORA (EU finanzas) |
https://www.eiopa.europa.eu/digital-operational-resilience-act-dora_en |
| FDA SaMD guidance |
https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/digital-health-center-excellence/software-medical-device-samd |
| CE MDR (medical devices EU) |
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2017/745/oj |
Templates legales
| Template |
Fuente |
| Privacy Policy generator |
https://www.iubenda.com / https://termly.io |
| DPA template (GDPR Art. 28) |
https://gdpr.eu/data-processing-agreement/ |
| Terms of Service |
https://www.iubenda.com / Lawyer review recomendado |
Comunidades
| Comunidad |
URL |
| r/LocalLLaMA |
https://reddit.com/r/LocalLLaMA |
| Ollama Discord |
https://discord.gg/ollama |
| Hugging Face forums |
https://discuss.huggingface.co |
| LlamaIndex Discord |
https://discord.gg/dGcwcsnxhU |
Aviso de verificación
Esta lista de referencias debe re-verificarse antes de citar a un cliente o inversor. URLs cambian, leaderboards fluctúan, y métricas en blogs no oficiales se actualizan sin aviso.
Memoria a guardar: cada vez que cites una cifra a alguien externo, verifica en la fuente original ese día.